Define the term "latency" in network communication.

Latency in network communication refers specifically to the delay that occurs before a transfer of data begins after a command has been issued for that transfer. This concept is essential in understanding how quickly a network responds to requests or commands, making it a critical factor in assessing network performance.

When measuring latency, we typically consider the time it takes for a data packet to travel from its source to its destination and back again. Low latency is important for applications requiring real-time interaction, such as online gaming or video conferencing, where even slight delays can significantly impact user experience.

Other options in the question focus on different aspects of network performance. For example, the loss of data during transmission pertains to packet loss, which can affect the reliability of a network but does not define latency. The total amount of data transmitted within a specific time frame relates to bandwidth rather than latency, as bandwidth measures the capacity for data transfer. Finally, the speed at which data travels through a cable speaks to network speed or throughput, distinct from the concept of latency, which is more about the timing of the data's arrival.